Prime V1.4
Simplifies the design of smart meters by implementing key functions on a single chip, including a powerline communication (PLC) modem compliant with major smart-metering industry standards. Vital to wide-scale adoption, ST has recently achieved certification to the latest G3-PLC 1 and PRIME 2 v1.4-profile 2 specifications covering frequency bands up to 500kHz, such as FCC 3 bands. Together with existing G3-PLC and PRIME v1.4 approvals covering European CENELEC-A 4, STCOMET is now certified according to all major standards in force globally.In addition, ST has extended the STCOMET family to four devices, allowing meter designers the flexibility to scale their applications to the needs of various markets and territories. STCOMET05 and STCOMET10 contain either 512Kbyte or 1Mbyte of program Flash, together with an application-processing subsystem, dedicated security engine with privacy and anti-hacking protection and high-accuracy metering front end, and the PLC module. The simplified STCOM05 and STCOM10 give designers flexibility to combine their own proprietary metering front end with ST’s on-chip application processor, security engine, and PLC module, and to leverage ST’s global approvals to accelerate project completion.ST has also confirmed that STCOMET is the IC powering smart meters currently rolling out to 1000 households in the Toulouse area of France, as part of the SOGRID 5 smart-grid pilot. ST is a member of the consortium led by ERDF 6, which is conducting SOGRID to study automated network control under real operating conditions.“The vision of the future world, enabled by the smart grid, becomes more real and more exciting day by day,” said Matteo Lo Presti, Group Vice President and General Manager, Industrial and Power Conversion Division, STMicroelectronics.
“Our STCOMET smart-meter SoCs are leading the advance, combining outstanding technical features with unrivalled integration and flexibility to realize the smart-energy revolution everywhere from developed economies to emerging markets.”As projects such as SOGRID continue to drive evolution of smart metering and the smart grid, ST’s unique programmable and firmware-upgradeable architecture allows designers to create multiple product variants leveraging a common design, and take advantage of future-proof adaptability to minimize lifetime ownership costs. ST has a fully featured development ecosystem supporting rapid development of single-phase or three-phase smart meters based on, which includes certified protocol stacks, reference designs, prototyping hardware, and tools such as metrology-management software and drivers.About STMicroelectronics ST is a global semiconductor leader delivering intelligent and energy-efficient products and solutions that power the electronics at the heart of everyday life. ST’s products are found everywhere today, and together with our customers, we are enabling smarter driving and smarter factories, cities and homes, along with the next generation of mobile and Internet of Things devices.By getting more from technology to get more from life, ST stands for life.augmented.In 2014, the Company’s net revenues were $7.40 billion, serving more than 100,000 customers worldwide. Further information can be found at.1G3-PLC: protocol for narrow-band low-frequency power-line communications, supported by the G3-PLC Alliance 2PRIME: PoweRline Intelligent Metering Evolution, the power-line communication architecture supported y the PRIME Alliance 3 FCC: The US Federal Communications Commission 4 CENELEC: the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization 5 6ERDF is the distribution arm of EDF (Electricity of France), a French electric utility with global operations. I want to stay informed about ST's latest newsI consent that ST (as data controller according to the Privacy Policy) will keep a record of my navigation history and use that information as well as the personal data that I have communicated to ST for marketing purposes relevant to my interests.
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My personal data will be provided to ST affiliates and distributors of ST in countries located in the European Union and outside of the European Union for the same marketing purposes- I understand that I can withdraw my consent at any time through opt-out links embedded in communication I receive or by managing my account settings. I can also exercise other user’s rights at any time as described in the Privacy Policy.ST will retain your browsing history and use details of the products and services that you have previously accessed, purchased or downloaded to make suggestions to you for other products and services which ST believe you will also be interested in. ST uses the personal data that you provide directly to it and through your activity on ST websites in accordance with the, to send you (directly or via ST local affiliates or distributors) newsletters, advertisements or other specific and targeted marketing material about ST products and services. Your personal data will be provided to ST local affiliates and distributors in countries located in the European Union and outside of the European Union.
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MS-Excel VBA Prime Explorer v1.4 Click the arrow to go up a level to the. Follow the above link or click the graphic below to visit the Homepage.MS Excel VBAPrime Explorer v1.4Jim CullenPrime Explorer v1.4 is a hand-coded VBA macro for Microsoft Excel that allows you to interactively explore prime numbers quickly and easily. The idea for this project came from, Associate Professor of Mathematics at Wheelock College in Boston, Massachusetts. Debra has posted a series of videos at YouTube called, originally intended as easily accessible tutorials for her students. The videos are now viewed by people around the world and are actually quite useful to anyone with an interest in mathematics or number theory. They are good examples of how a mathematician approaches a tool such as Microsoft Excel.Prime numbers are positive integers ( p ), greater than one, that have no non-trivial factors, meaning those besides ( 1 ) and ( p ) itself.
Another way to state this is that any prime number ( p ) will have exactly one postive divisor greater than one, and that divisor will be ( p ) itself. The first few prime numbers are: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17. Since ( 1 ) is a key part of the definition of primality, the number ( 1 ) is excluded from consideration since it can not be allowed to define itself as prime. That's my reasoning anyway! All other positive integers that are not prime are called composite.The idea of viewing prime numbers generated on-the-fly, in a color-coded customizable grid, was an intriguing idea. I have some experience with VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) and so I set out to see what could be done to realize the idea. The results have been well worth the effort.
There's definitely a difference between just reading about prime numbers and being given a tool to fiddle and experiment with them in such a way that the results are immediately presented to you in an intuitive and visual format. There are innumerable visual observations that can be made of prime numbers and this gives one a clearer sense of the 'mathe-mechanics' behind an already interesting subject in number theory. It's an idea too good not to share.MS-Excel VBA Prime Explorer v1.4DownloadMS-Excel VBAClick the above graphic to download the ZIP file of Prime Explorer.
The ZIP ( PrimeExp.zip ) is only 16kB in size and includes two files: PrimeExp.xls ( the Excel spreadsheet file containing the Prime Explorer macro ) and PrimeExplorer.txt ( the instructions ). The description of Prime Explorer and the functions it performs are repeated here from the help file:Excel VBA: Prime Explorer v1.4Do not delete or rename Sheet1 since the macro references that sheet by name for it's functions. It is recommended keeping the spreadsheet PrimeExp.xls as Read-Only. I would suggest creating a copy and using that to run the macro, keeping the original as a backup.There is only one VBA macro, named PrimeExplorer, and it can be launched by pressing the Ctrl+Z keys. All other functions are nested within PrimeExplorer as subroutines.All calculations take place within a numbered grid which must be set up before any calculations will be performed.All functions are entered as letters and numbers that begin in the first cell ('A1'). For functions that require multiple parameters; the first parameter goes into cell (A1), the second into (A2), the third into (A3), and so on.
Entered functions are moved to the right side of the grid after they are processed. This is for reference as you inspect the results of a function execution.In these instructions, the # sign indicates that the parameter should be a positive integer.The current functions in Prime Explorer are:g Creates the grid.
This function requires two integer parameters; the number of rows and the number of columns. In that order. The grid will be filled with numbers beginning with 1 in the upper left corner. Example: (A1)= g (A2)= 20 (A3)= 10 and pressing Ctrl+Z will create a grid of 20 rows and 10 columns.
The interior cells will be numbered from 1 to 200. An optional fourth parameter may be added that will allow the grid to begin at some other number besides one.
Example: (A1)= g (A2)= 35 (A3)= 19 (A4)= 23 and pressing Ctrl+Z will create a grid of 35 rows and 19 columns, with the numbering of the grid beginning with 23 in the upper left corner. Numbering will still wrap to the width of the grid as the modulus labels above the grid dictate.c Cleans the grid. Removes all bold type and background colors in the grid but leaves the grid itself intact. Also restores any accidentally deleted entries in the grid. Example: (A1)= c and press Ctrl+Z.# An integer in cell (A1) will cause that number and all multiples of that number to be set in bold type and colored in the grid. The color used will be the background color of cell (A1) so you get to choose the divisor as well as its background color.
You may enter more than one divisor by entering your second integer in cell (A2) and setting the background for that divisor and all its multiples in the grid. You may enter as many divisors and background colors as you like - just note that prime numbers have been assigned the color red internally.e Automated Sieve of Eratosthenes up to a limit specified by the user. The background color set in cell (A1) is used as the color to highlight the marked entries in the grid. The upper limit of the sieve is set as an integer value in cell (A2). The function will remove multiples of all primes, up to the specified limit, from the grid by highlighting the multiples. Running the sieve function erases all current highlighting in the grid so perform sieving first prior to highlighting primes or other values in the grid.
Example: (A1)=e (A2)=17 Sieves out and highlights all entries in the grid that are evenly divisible by any prime number less than or equal to 17.p Prime Numbers within the grid will be set to bold type and the cell background color set to red. The primes are accurate up to 1,000,000 and after that are 'probable primes'. The algorithm consists of four Fermat Tests, to bases 2,3,5,7 followed by a lookup table of 22 pseudoprimes up to 1,000,000. A Fermat Test checks for the congruence b^(p-1) mod p equal to 1 with base b in the range from 1 to (p-1) and coprime to p. These tests are performed using a form of binary modular exponentiation. All primes will pass the Fermat Test but a few composite integers also pass for a given base b. These are known as pseudoprimes.
Different bases have different sets of pseudoprimes but there are still some pseudoprimes, known as the Carmichael Numbers, that are shared by ALL bases except those that are one of the factors of p. The first few Carmichael Numbers are: 561, 1105, 1729, 2465, etc.
These can be filtered out by trial division, table lookup, or stronger prime tests that are immune to these types of pseudoprimes, such as the Rabin-Miller Test. For our purposes, the Fermat Test with a simple table lookup is sufficient. Example: (A1)= p and press Ctrl+Z.t Calculates Totals for marked entries for all columns in the table. The sum Totals are printed out along the bottom of the grid.
Example: (A1)= t and press Ctrl+Z.s Highlights Fermat Pseudoprimes for a given Base in bold type with an automatically assigned background color of magenta. Fermat Pseudoprimes (p) to base (b) are those numbers where b^(p-1) is congruent to 1 mod p but p is not prime.
An additional restriction is that b is less than p. Example: (A1)= s (A2)= 2 will cause - if your grid is large enough to include them - 341, 561, 645, etc., to be given bold print and a magenta background in the table.
Note that using the pseudoprime function will erase all existing highlighted or bolded entries in the table so, if you want to compare pseudoprimes to highlighted divisors and their multiples in the table, do the pseudo-prime function first followed by the divisor function. You can choose multiple bases by entering further bases down the A column. The highlighted entries will then correspond to integers that are pseudoprimes to ALL the chosen bases.
Prime V1.4 Rom
For example, in the primes up to 1000, find all Fermat Pseudoprimes to bases 2, 5, and 13. You would enter: (A1)= s (A2)= 2 (A3)= 5 (A4)= 13 and press Ctrl+Z. You will see only one result and that is the number 561. On the 39 by 39 grid I tried this on, which has over 1500 entries, this was the only result that appeared and took about 5 or 6 seconds to calculate.
Prime V1.4 Rom
What's the next pseudoprime to bases 2, 5, and 13? The only hint I'll give is that it's less than 10000. The result was verified by other software but Prime Explorer is perfectly capable of finding it. The pseudoprime function takes a few seconds extra time to finish calculating since all chosen Fermat tests, as well as a Prime test, need to be performed.u Creates an Ulam pattern, highlighting the primes in bold and red background. This is not Ulam's Spiral but one of the variations where the grid is numbered beginning at the upper-left corner and scanning outward diagonally through the grid.
Prime V1.4 Beta
The typical patterns evident in the Spiral of Ulam will also appear on the spreadsheet, though on a smaller scale. The highlighting of divisors or pseudoprimes is not yet enabled for the Ulam display and the pattern does not allow the option of beginning the table at a value other than one. Future updates under consideration: Including the Rabin-Miller test in order to compare the strength of various prime tests. A prime test using Euler's criterion and the associated pseudoprimes will be implemented once the coding for the Jacobi function is completed. Allowing highlighting of factors and pseudoprimes in the Ulam display. If there are any functions that you feel might be useful, or if you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact me.TITLE: MS-Excel VBA Prime Explorer v1.4URL: April 18, 2009 - Jim Cullen - all rights reserved.